ABSTRACT
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal proliferation of immature hematopoietic precursors involving primarily the bone marrow (BM) and blood. AML represents a heterogeneous group of disorders with variable clinical presentation, cellular morphology, immunophenotype, chromosomal and molecular changes, therapeutic response, and overall prognosis [1-15]. Generally, AML can be dened as a clonal malignancy of transformed multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cell leading to accumulation of immature cells in the BM which replace normal elements, causing cytopenias and their complications (e.g., fatigue due to anemia, infections due to granulocytopenia, and bleeding due to thrombocytopenia). Leukemias may be associated with (hyper) leukocytosis. Based on World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, ≥20% blasts (or blast equivalents) are needed for the diagnosis of AML (except for AML with t[15;17777], t[16;16/inv[16]] and t[8;21], which can be diagnosed with <20% blasts).
