ABSTRACT
AML represents a heterogeneous group of disorders with variable clinical presentation, cellular morphology, immunophenotype, chromosomal and molecular changes, therapeutic response, and overall prognosis [1-15]. Generally, AML can be dened as a clonal malignancy of transformed multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells leading to accumulation of immature cells in the BM which replace normal elements, causing cytopenias and their complications (e.g., fatigue due to anemia, infections due to granulocytopenia, and bleeding due to thrombocytopenia). e diagnosis and prognosis is most accurately provided by pretreatment assessment of the morphology, Immunophenotype, and most importantly, underlying chromosomal and/or molecular aberrations (Figure 25.1). e WHO classies AML based on genetic, immunophenotypic and clinical characteristics [15].
