ABSTRACT
The suppression of modernism was accompanied by a virulent anti-modernist reaction which affected not only modernists but orthodox scholars and thinkers as well. Indeed, the immediate outcome of the modernist movement was directly opposite to what modernists had intended. From the beginning, Wilfrid Ward had feared that extremes would compromise Catholic scholarship and thought. His fears were now justified. Modernists had hoped to reconcile the Roman Church to modern culture and, in particular, to modern scientific criticism. Instead, attempts to effect this reconciliation were now looked upon with greater suspicion than before, and liberals making such attempts ran a far greater risk of ecclesiastical censure. The anti-modernist reaction that followed the condemnation of modernism hit some orthodox scholars who had acquired reputations for moderate steps in the direction of reconciliation. Except for George Tyrrell and Friedrich von Hugel, modernism had hardly emerged in the Roman Church in England.
