ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses different kinds of concerns that are raised across the world's religious traditions. It explores how vastly different are the concerns that different religious traditions bring to the discussion with science. The chapter shows that critics frequently allege that religion, by its very nature, stands in tension with science. Jewish thinkers have generally been welcoming of, rather than resistant to, new scientific breakthroughs in fundamental physics, cosmology, origins of life research, evolutionary biology, and ecology. Ethical and political questions often move to the forefront; they tend to be far more important than the question of how Jewish beliefs could be true in light of science. The final area concerns the responses of Orthodox Jewish thinkers. The chapter details the Islam and some of the Eastern traditions. Islamic science offers an alternative to materialistic science.
