The antiquities south of Semna, and between that point and Kerma, for a stretch of about 200 miles, are almost inaccessible to the ordinary tourist, and can only be reached by caravan or boat, and at considerable toil and expense. At Kerma, and separated from one another by a distance of about 2 miles, are two large mounds of mud-brick, externally very similar in appearance, and dating from the time of the Middle Kingdom. About 12 miles south of Wadi Halfa, the village of Matuga lies on the west bank, and south of it, also on the west bank, is the stronghold of Mirgisse. Semna West had two land-gates, one in the north and one in the south wall, which were connected by a thoroughfare which was paved with slabs of granite, and which lay directly in the line of the great caravan-route to the south along the western bank.