ABSTRACT
Article XXX of the Church of England is one of the four which were added by Archbishop Parker in 1563. It was accepted by the Convocation, and has kept its place ever since without any change. In considering it, it will be well to treat separately—the history of the practice condemned in it and the arguments by which it has been justified. The words of Justin Martyr are conclusive for the practice in the second century. S. Cyril of Jerusalem and many other Fathers supply evidence for the fourth and later centuries. As far as the history of the practice is concerned, it is only needful to add that at the thirteenth session of the Council of Trent the doctrine of “concomitance” was asserted, and that at the twenty-first session held in July 1562, shortly before the promulgation of the Article, the practice was more definitely considered by the Council.
