ABSTRACT
Anti-Nazism was well established in Newark by 1936 when the German-American Bund replaced the Friends of the New Germany as the major Nazi organization in the United States. Liberals and communists were also part of the anti-Nazi response. The group's leadership remained largely in the hands of German immigrants who had recently become US citizens or were becoming citizens specifically so they could work for Nazi Germany. Fritz Kuhn built the Bund into the largest and best-financed Nazi group operating in America during Adolf Hitler's reign. Family togetherness was one of Kuhn's tactics for building the Nazi movement in America. American participation in the 1936 Olympics was predicated on Nazi promises to allow Jewish athletes to compete for Germany. Fearing that the United States would withdraw from the games in 1934, Germany announced that twenty-one Jewish athletes had been nominated for Olympic training camps.
