ABSTRACT
The sudden Arab attack on Israel was not the IDF’s only surprise. The Israeli forces experienced a series of tactical and technical surprises that should never have happened. There were only two weapons of which it can be said with certainty IDF Intelligence was not already aware; an unknown version of the Kelt air-to-ground missile that zeroes in on radar aerials, and a 180 millimeter gun with a range of 27 miles – the operative range of the American 175 millimeter is 20 miles. The gun also surprised American Intelligence.
