ABSTRACT
The human actor is a multidimensional phenomenon subject to the influences of a great many variables. The range of differences in aptitude is great, and the learned behavior patterns (considering mankind as a whole) are quite diverse. This chapter explores the extent to which categories of individuals are similarly programmed, and situations in complex organizations are similarly structured. Culture can act as a constraint in the society geared to complex organization as well as in the transitional society, for new technologies can call for talents which only gradually become incorporated into the culture. The chapter examines the operation of the social system. The inducements/contributions contract sets limits to the behavior that the individual is to exhibit in the organizational context, thereby further reducing the expression of heterogeneity of humans. Boundary-spanning jobs vary considerably in the types of action spheres they afford, depending on the degree to which the environment at the boundary is homogeneous or heterogeneous, stable or shifting.
