ABSTRACT
Policymaking realities move uneasily between requirements on one hand and incapacities on the other hand. Policymaking under adversity faces demanding requirements to enable it to achieve impacts for the better on realities, while stubborn features of policymaking process-systems, their components and the materials out of which they are made, and of the environments conditioning them produce what can largely be viewed as inbuilt incapacities. As a result of great and growing gaps between require ments on one side and of incapacities on the other, large performance deficits constitute a pronounced feature of policymaking actuality and tend to become larger.
