ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the Ideational and Sensate forms of government and sociopolitical leadership; the Ideational and Sensate forms of freedom. They compose one of the central problems of the political and ethicojuridical disciplines. The concept of Ideational culture implies logically that, if no external circumstances hinder, the government and the intellectual, moral, and social leadership in such a culture must belong to the persons and groups that incarnate, in themselves the Ideational values. Much nearer to the reality are the ancient "cyclical" theories of Plato, Aristotle, Polybius, and many other thinkers who claimed that the main forms of government just fluctuate and immanently pass into one another without any perpetual trend whatsoever. These theories—insofar as they claim a universal sequence of the order of the change of the forms of government and political regimes, or also the definite periodicity in these changes—can hardly be accepted.
