ABSTRACT
The social welfare field can be roughly divided into two categories of assistance: the provision of money and the provision of social services. The early ideas from which social work grew soon travelled to the United States, where they developed more vigorously and more rapidly. Modern social work has two main roots, the Charity Organization movement and the Settlement House movement. Both the Charity Organization movement and the Social Settlement House movement were heavily influenced by romanticism's idealistic emphasis on the moral and spiritual improvement of the individual. The Settlement movement, particularly in the United States, was begun at least partly in opposition to the charity organization concept of how to deal with the social problems of the day. The medical model on which social casework fashioned itself became even more dominant as a result of the influence of psychiatry, and particularly psychoanalysis, which became the leading theory in American psychiatry after World War I.
