ABSTRACT
Nikolai Bukharin’s proposals were favorably received by many strata of Russian society. For the Right, Stalin was primarily the organizer, the man capable of implementing a new moderate policy. The reason Bukharin found himself even for a time in alliance with Stalin was in part the same that had motivated Zinoviev and Kamenev earlier—fear that Trotsky might become Russia’s Bonaparte. Bukharin’s proposal, apart from its world-wide economic implications, was factional support to Stalin in his fight for control. In his support of Bukharin’s peasant policy, Stalin expressed the will of the Party bureaucracy to defeat the aspirations of the working class to rule the new state. The identification of state industry with socialism is the premise on which Stalin built his original and far-reaching theory of socialism in one country, the first fully developed statement of national socialism, the totalitarian state and its party monopoly.
