Since Harry Stack Sullivan, many psychotherapists have begun to conceptualize psychotherapy within an interpersonal communication framework (Alexander, 1957; Buck and Cuddy, 1966; Buehler and Richmond, 1965; Greenhill, 1958; Hoch and Zubin, 1958; Riess,

1957; Rioch, 1964; Rioch and Weinstein, 1964; Ruesch, 1961; Ruesch and Bateson, 1951; Scheflin, 1965; Scheflin, English, Hampe, and Auerbach, 1966; Sebeok, Hayes, and Bateson, 1964; Watzlawick, Beavin, and Jackson, 1967; Williamson, 1959). Ruesch and Bateson (1951) state:

Alexander (1957) outlines and criticizes

A Communication Model 5

Greenhill (1958) argues:

Communication: Linguistics and Psycholinguistics

As an alternative to Morris' classification, Jacobsen (1959) recognizes as factors of the speech situation: the sender, the receiver, the

Linguists assume that languages are "codes that can be described without reference to meaning, and that the spoken language has primacy over the written language. Beyond descriptive linguistics is generative or transformation grammar, which tries to explain why the native speaker is able to understand and produce an infinity of

novel sentences" (DeCecco, 1967, p. vii). Basic linguistic texts are: Bloomfield (1933), Chomsky (1965), Chomsky and Halle (1968), Dixon and Horton (1968), Gleason (1961), Lenneberg (1967), and Miller and Smith (1966).