ABSTRACT
The fundamental ideas of European sociology are best understood as responses to the problem of order created at the beginning of the nineteenth century by the collapse of the old regime under the blows of industrialism and revolutionary democracy. This chapter deals with the events and changes of the two revolutions, namely: the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution than with the images and reflections that are to be found in the social thought of the nineteenth century. All that industrialism is to English letters, social movements, and legislation in the nineteenth century, the democratic revolution in France at the end of the eighteenth century is to French. The chapter looks at the two revolutions from the point of view of the most fundamental and widespread processes they embodied in common, three are especially striking, such as, individualization, abstraction, and generalization.
