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Conclusions
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ABSTRACT
Museums need to reinvent themselves. They do not appeal to visitors as much as they used to, especially in Western Europe. The drop in museum visitors, over the past few years has made headlines, particularly in the United Kingdom. The museums selected for this research, in Copenhagen, Manchester and Paris, carried out various participatory programs on the representation of immigrants. Through specific employment or volunteering programs, museums can also provide a safe and unique environment that helps to raise immigrants' self-esteem and self-confidence and facilitate their acquisition of bonding and bridging capital. Immigrants who have not fully mastered the host nation's language often tend to exclude themselves or become marginalized from employment or volunteering programs at museums. Museums would be more effective in their pursuit of social justice if they extended their programs to address issues concerning language barriers, unemployment and employment discrimination.