ABSTRACT
The heuristics and biases tradition in psychology challenged the economic view of people as rational decision makers Automaticity has become an important topic in the psychology of attention, categorization, learning, thought, judgment, and behavior. As the term “thinking” was part of the black box in behaviorism and hence did not exist in the vocabulary of the behaviorists, a kind of psychology had emerged, cognitive psychology. This psychology deals with the mental processes between the occurrence of a stimulus and a behavioral response. Cognition includes mental capacities like perception, categorization, memory, thought, language, judgment, and decision-making. Remember that behaviorists wanted to limit psychology to the study of behavior because they thought that cognition cannot be studied scientifically. Cognitive psychologists assumed that a stimulus is perceived and then encoded; that is, the perceived input has to be categorized and interpreted in order to be ready for storage in memory.
