ABSTRACT
Typically, counter-terrorism efforts are twofold: the first efforts involve methods of prevention against terror attacks, while the second ones are measures taken during the event of a terror-related attack. This chapter focuses on counter-terrorism measures that individuals within the public can engage in. From a psychological perspective, the term counter-terrorism has evolved into targeting the radical ideology held by the terrorist group, rather than targeting the people or community holding these rigid ideologies. Clutterback has indicated that there are three psychological counter-terrorism measures that can be utilized to reduce the spread of extremist ideology: deradicalization, counterradicalization and antiradicalization. Deradicalization programs would focus on rehabilitating the individual with the hopes of reducing their risk of violence and reintegrating them back into society in the future. The second approach, counterradicalization, can be targeted toward individuals who are currently in the process of being radicalized. Counter-terrorist measures following a terrorist attack would include reactive military action, arrests, interrogations for information, and convictions.
