ABSTRACT
In this chapter, I discuss dǔdìng in detail. 1 I show that, along the same lines as yídìng, tiědìng and kěndìng, dǔdìng is semantically underspecified with respect to strong epistemic necessity and intensification. I compare dǔdìng with the yídìng family examined previously. I argue that the unique semantic behavior of dǔdìng lies in that it obeys the Requirement of Alternatives, just like kěndìng discussed in Chapter 5, and that dǔdìng expresses certainty, rather than confirms certainty.
