ABSTRACT
Chapter 3 looks at who is an internally displaced person (IDP) and the non-binding guidance available – the 1998 Guiding Principles on Internal Displacement and regional guidelines such as the 2006 Great Lakes IDP Protocol and the 2009 African Convention on Protection and Assistance for Internally Displaced Persons, commonly referred to as the Kampala Convention. A map of the contemporary geography of internal displacement is included. Causes and examples of internal displacement are included to elaborate the needs and risk inherent in the experience of being internally displaced and the limitations of protection within sovereign States. Case studies, points for discussion and a short timeline of selected legislation for IDPs is included. Three possible options available as durable solutions are outlined alongside a discussion of the complexities of implementation. People forced to migrate within their countries of origin due to human trafficking are discussed. The methodological, data collection and statistical challenges of researching internal displacement are explored. Two summaries of key thinkers are provided – Francis Deng on the Guiding Principles and Chaloka Beyani on protection of the internally displaced.
