ABSTRACT
Chapter 4 looks at people who are forced to migrate because of exploitation, asking who is a ‘victim’ or ‘survivor’ of human trafficking. This chapter begins by exploring the internationally recognised definition of human trafficking as contained within the 2000 Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children (otherwise known as the Palermo Protocol). Some of the key issues of human trafficking are then explored as well as the often contested terminology of who is a ‘victim’ or ‘survivor’ of human trafficking. The distinctions and similarities between human trafficking and human smuggling are also highlighted. Difficulties around the provision of accurate and reliable statistics and/or estimates are explored. The geography of human trafficking – both within and across borders – is described. Key concepts such as ‘collateral damage’ in anti-trafficking debates, case studies and the work of key thinkers are provided – Bridget Anderson, Laura Agustin, Joy Ngozi Ezeilo, Rebecca Surtees and Cathy Zimmerman.
