ABSTRACT
Innovation in media has a long but uneven history. Since Gutenberg invented the printing press in Mainz, Germany, in 1450, inventors and innovators have been developing new methods and approaches to produce, store, display and distribute content. Whether in the form of print media (books, newspapers and magazines) or broadcast media (television or radio), analog media have seen sweeping technological and economic changes. Publishers, broadcasters and others introduced a variety of innovations, including the introduction of color in newspapers, a third dimension (3D) in movies, and high-definition broadcasting in television. For the most part, these changes were what Harvard University’s Clayton M. Christensen labels “sustaining innovations.” A sustaining innovation refers to an incremental change that brings improvement but not reinvention. Such sustaining innovations can expand an individual organization’s share of the market.
