ABSTRACT
During the interval between the land reform and the realization of agricultural cooperativization, because of a certain degree of equalization in land and other means of production, coupled with the development of agricultural production, a considerable number of poor peasants were promoted to middle peasants. The peasants realized that the mode of production characterized by petty agrarian economy has shackled the development of production forces, and some began to think of returning to the old capitalist road. Usury is the twin brother of commercial capital. In China's rural villages, commodity and monetary economy was relatively underdeveloped. Commercial speculation and usurious activities form a bridge that leads the peasant individual economy to capitalism. The activities of business speculation and usury are bound to cause some of the peasants to become impoverished and bankrupt, until they lose their means of production and can only sell their own labor.
