ABSTRACT
Marx was reluctant to provide "blueprints for Utopia" or "recipes for the kitchens of the future". Both Joseph Schumpeter and Simone Weil, in their different ways, provide answers to three problems: Planning versus Market; Utopian and Scientific Socialism; Environmental Limits and Constraints. Both of them, while highly critical of Marx, nevertheless derive tremendous value from his ideas. This chapter divides the discussion into four parts: Schumpeter's Answer; Weil's Answer; If I Ruled the World; and Contemporary Forces. After a flirtation with New Right ideas, John Gray's political philosophy seems to have developed into a synthesis which is in many ways as hard to pin down as Hegel's: there are strong elements of the Postmodernist criticism of the "Enlightenment Project" of universal reason and civilization.
