ABSTRACT
Chapter Two introduces and explores the liminality framework through the work of van Gennep and in particular the proposal of permanent liminality in the work of Szakolczai. This concept’s utility is illustrated with specific reference to an historical period crucially important in the formation of modern China. The event under consideration is the Democracy Wall ‘movement’ of 1978 where along a street wall a public discourse took place regarding how the proper development of China could occur. The wide variety of ideas and practices of open expression took place not just in Beijing but in many cities around China, however Xi Dan street was the most vibrant occurrence for the circulation of social and political ideas. The Democracy Wall came to an end when Wei Jinsheng published his “Fifth Modernisation” – a call for private rights protected by a democratic polity. This was a step too far in the eyes of the political leadership. With the end of open debate on the future of China, and the final strengthening of Deng Xiaoping’s rise to power, the primary need for security and stability realises the institutionalisation of liminal conditions and China remains in permanent liminality.
