ABSTRACT
This chapter uses the word prevention broadly, to encompass a broad range of activities that are designed to prevent adverse outcomes. In addition to activities such as vaccinations that are typically viewed as "prevention programs," the chapter considers wellness programs, preventive healthcare such as prenatal care, and chronic disease management that is designed to prevent (or postpone) complications associated with chronic disease. The chapter examines efficiency strategies aimed at creating and maintaining a healthy populace through the use of wellness, preventative care, and disease management programs. More than half of adult Medicaid enrollees have a chronic condition, so finding a mechanism to manage their care that provides quality and cost-effectiveness has been a priority for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Effective prevention can reduce long-term healthcare costs and increase productivity of our workforce. However, prevention strategies may not be efficient in all situations and may not actually benefit those who we sought to help.
