ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the tools of federal expansion in the American experience of urban policy. It examines the implementation of urban policies launched by the federal government. The chapter explains the model of American federalism which allowed this federal expansion without any changes in the Constitution. It explores the impact of the federal resources on intergovernmental relations in the American system. The chapter shows examples from American urban policy which illustrate the problems of coordination and competing political interests among the recipients of federal programmes. It then explains how the principle of partnership involves a multiplicity of actors in the delivery of the Commission's programmes and discusses the impact of the federal budget. The chapter guides us to analysis urban policy in the European Union. Federal policy was often viewed by states as a complement to their own state level urban policy. While the federal level was involved, the major responsibility for cities remained with the state level governments.
