ABSTRACT
The reforms of the 1990s in Russia were usually designed as an effort to modernize the Soviet model, to transform the 'small' society into a 'large' one. Followers of the genetic approach propose to build a new building from the cubes inherited from the Soviet model. They speak about 'the process of complex reconfigurations of institutional elements rather than their immediate replacement'. Douglass North, winner of the Nobel Prize in economics, considers the sequence of temporal institutional changes even longer. It is the State, the licit authority, which took the initiative for institutional change in economic matters, '"Informal" activities, far from being open to anarchy, have developed their own rights and institutions'. The inability of the post-Soviet State to change itself and the absence of collective Subjects other than in-groups in the post-Soviet institutional context leave no other option than an alternative reform policy, namely the teleological approach.
