ABSTRACT

The kernel of libertarianism, then, is sound. There are still a number of problems on the periphery, however, and it is to these that we now turn. The first of these is that it is not normally for our decisions but for our actions that we are held responsible: the libertarian must offer us some story about how his account of freedom can be extended to cover actions as well. The libertarian must extend his theory to answer some problems that are posed for it by the collection of phenomena which we organize with our concepts of strength and weakness of will. Saying that freedom is scalar is compatible with saying that it is absolute because its absoluteness has to do only with the presence or absence of causes of the action, whereas scalarity has to do with the presence or absence of influences; and influences are radically different from causes. No sum of influences amounts to a cause.