ABSTRACT
This chapter explains about some of the patterns. It takes readers into their operation's history. The chapter uses the discovery of human error as the beginning of an investigation, not as its conclusion. The new view of human error does not see human error as the cause of failure. It sees human error as the effect, or symptom, of trouble deeper inside a system. The chapter pays special attention to automation surprises, since they appear to form a common pattern of failure underneath many automation-related mishaps. Plan continuation is a highly typical pattern that is a result of people's normal interactions with a dynamic world, where indications of what is going on emerge over time, interact, and may be of differing quality, persuasiveness, or ease of interpretation. The chapter concludes with ways to recognize dress rehearsals and contrast cases, both of which can help readers better understand the sequence of events currently under investigation.
