ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on various instructional strategies that teachers can use to help students learn science. It discusses various techniques that improve questioning and discussions. The chapter also focuses on a few examples of instructional strategies in each of these categories that are particularly effective for teaching in project-based classes. Debates are organized arguments around a topic. They help students develop communication and argumentation skills. However, in science, argumentation is actually a useful practice for defending a point of view with evidence. Scientists use this practice all the time. Independent study strategies that foster self-reliance and perseverance include conducting independent investigations, writing reports, keeping a journal, and maintaining a blog. The chapter discusses instructional strategies, which can be classified as direct, indirect, experiential, and independent. It considers strategies to make teaching more active, such as field trips. The chapter also discusses teaching skills that improve questioning and discussions.
