ABSTRACT
As a result of the Revolution of 1905, the intelligentsia and the government both realized the people were not with them. But it was the government which made the headway with the peasantry; the revolutionaries made none until 1917. In retrospect the story of 1905 appears as the story of the first Popular Front. The Popular Front idea of 1935, which was either originated by or sanctioned by Stalin, went further in the direction of association with non-Communists than Lenin was willing to go in 1905. The year 1905 saw the first entry of Communism into the political arena of any nation. In fact, it was during 1905 that Communism as it has since developed first took any sort of recognizable shape. In a peasant nation whose political leaders were intellectuals, a struggle was waged some of whose features have recurred in many countries since that time.
