ABSTRACT
This chapter attempts to shed light on what liberals should tolerate outside the borders of their own state. It considers humanitarian interventions done with the permission of the other state, pointing again toward a toleration-based view; here we are really talking about non-toleration of suffering. Considering humanitarian intervention in terms of toleration is instructive. The key to the permissibility of illiberal communities within the liberal state is that the liberal state can—and must—guarantee that presence in the community is fully voluntary and informed. Illiberal communities are permissible if their members enter with fully voluntary and informed consent. Liberal states may handle this requirement internally, but illiberal states are not likely to. There are multiple complications involved in toleration outside a single state. Although there are complications, liberal theory can offer guidance as to when toleration is called for, forbidden, or merely permissible.
