ABSTRACT
This chapter explores with mainframes and time-sharing, work stations without processors and memories were used to access the calculation and filing capacities of great centralized machines. Computers are rightfully seen as the "mother" of all the digital media with which the world of communication is so replete. It was first and foremost in their personal computer incarnation, popularized from the 1980s and 1990s onwards that computers developed into a mass digital phenomenon, used by ordinary people and later identified with internet use. A downturn in personal computer sales has been evident worldwide for some years now, as global personal computer sales have in fact decreased from an all-time high of 351 million in 2012 to 269 million in 2016. Computer history pre-dates the invention of digital languages and technologies and harks back to an extremely old concept in human culture, the availability of automatic machines to do calculations and perform complex operations.
