ABSTRACT
I n May 2013, two horrific tornadoes hit the towns of Moore and El Reno, Oklahoma. Those who made it to the storm shelter safely were aided by reading materials beyond traditional textbooks, trade books, magazines, newspapers, and portable electronic devices. For those in the path of danger, reading materials included radar maps, city maps, charts, and diagrams that people had to follow to stay out of harm’s way or get help. Thankfully, such tragedies are rare and reading more commonly involves either entertainment or more practical matters, such as how to prepare a favorite recipe. Reading also helps people connect with others and understand themselves. Literacy is the hallmark of civilization.
