ABSTRACT
Former Yugoslavia has given much to the thinking behind the whole of it. Near the end, in a sense, the other end of an educational chain that started in Sarajevo ends. It focuses on a group of children in the schools of Europe who have often been the victims of warfare, ethnic cleansing and genocide. Of all groups of fallaciously feared outsiders in Europe, refugees and asylum seekers, are clearly the current favourites, seen as alien, to be shunned, feared and, it should not be forgotten, exploited. State policies, educational and otherwise, to deal with such issues are inadequate across Europe, as they generally are everywhere. It is hardly surprising that large numbers of refugees perform unsuccessfully in schools and universities across Europe. Although success in public examinations is seen as critically important by all concerned, such evidence may conceal other issues.
