ABSTRACT
This chapter provides the role of analysis especially if emergent categories or themes served as the impetus to adjust data collection measures or methods. When a quantitative researcher uses a previously published measure, he or she should cite it and include a reference. Many specialized measures are published only in the sense that they were included in journal articles. Quantitative researchers may also construct new measures for a particular research project. Because information on them is not available elsewhere, it is especially important for the researcher to provide detailed information on the measure in the research report. Depending on the nature of the report, the full measure may be added as an appendix to create further transparency. Qualitative researchers usually use less structured measures than quantitative researchers, which may include interviews of different types focus groups, and fieldwork in the form of participant or nonparticipant observation. In qualitative research, analysis often takes place simultaneously with the collection of data.
