ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the categorical effects of race in sport and physical activity organizations. It defines race, ethnicity, and minority, and describes the differences among these concepts. As the Diversity Challenge illustrates, race has the potential to influence people's experiences in the sport context, including their educational attainment while participating in sport. There is evidence of salary discrimination against racial minorities participating at the highest level of sport. Racial minorities also face discrimination when it comes to their access to key leadership positions. Occupational segregation refers to the clustering of people into particular occupational roles based on their demographic characteristics. Macro-level factors operate at the industry or societal level. They are external to the athletic department yet still exert considerable influence. These factors include institutionalized practices, the political climate, and stakeholder expectations. The political climate is another macro-level factor influencing the underrepresentation of racial minorities in leadership positions.
