ABSTRACT
This chapter outlines the development of service and knowledge economies and how they enroll individuals in circuits of capital. Theories of economic development project that economies will grow through increasing the organization and efficiency of production and the corresponding increased value of the product or service. This is accomplished through the marginalization of certain groups, including women, migrants and people of color. We focus on the case studies of Germany and Indonesia to understand how forced international migrations and dispossession work to construct vulnerable subjects.
