ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on the main conflict resolution and peace negotiation strategies in Sudan, from the 1972 Addis Ababa Agreement to the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement to understand how internal and external resolution efforts have been effective and sustainable in putting an end to the Sudanese North-South conflict. The Addis Ababa Agreement simply suspended the war temporarily, recognising the South as a distinct cultural and historical entity and providing for autonomy, including the establishment of a Southern Regional Government and a National Assembly in Juba. For the Southern elites, the Addis Ababa Agreement allowed for the management of quasi-autonomous institutions in Juba, but in reality it presented more constraints than advantages mainly due to weak economic resources and lack of governance and management skills. Although the Agreement recognised the specificities of Southern Sudanese historical experiences, it ultimately ended up reproducing the colonial perception of the South as a racially different entity thus deserving different and separate administrative and political arrangements.
