Restrictive and Reflexive Activation Discourses Explored

Empowering and Disciplining Dimensions of Activation 4Activation' is increasingly becoming 'a magic word' (Kazepov, 2002). We have shown how this discourse is giving direction to policy and practice in many European countries, especially the ones with a social democratic tradition. This is the case in most of the Western European countries and applies to all countries included in the research that underpins this book.