ABSTRACT
Transport disadvantage and the links that can be made with social exclusion constitute an increasingly important policy area. We have seen in Chapter 1 that the very nature of transport disadvantage and social exclusion raises questions not only of the ways in which transport policy can be delivered, but also of the types of intervention that can be used to ameliorate the effect of social exclusion. The paradox here is that although this has been seen to be an important policy area, the major policy interventions have been shaped around the desire to encourage a modal shift from the private car to public transport, cycling and walking. Although improvements to public transport services can benefit non-car users and the socially excluded, there are issues about how services can best be structured to alleviate exclusion and encourage participation from those groups that have historically felt the consequences of transport disadvantage.
