ABSTRACT
The aim of the 1954 Hague Protocol was to 'prevent the exportation from an occupied territory'. Under this Protocol, each of the High Contracting Parties is asked to prevent this type of exportation from territory occupied by it during an armed conflict. The 1970 Convention on the means of prohibiting and preventing the illicit import, export and transfer of ownership of cultural property was a decisive step in the international campaign against the illicit traffic in cultural property. The Convention contains numerous protective measures relating to the import, export and transfer of ownership of cultural property effected contrary to the provisions adopted under the Convention by the States Parties thereto. In particular, these measures must be implemented by the laws and regulations of the States Parties to the Convention. All the States Parties must adopt a control system by introducing an export certificate, prohibiting the exportation of cultural property unless accompanied by such a certificate, and publicizing this prohibition.
