This introduction presents an overview of the key concepts discussed in the subsequent chapters of this book. The book is concerned with the interests of men and women in relation to behaviour in organizations. It acts as an initial challenge to the conventional thinking on organizational behaviour. The book explores why inequality of opportunity and inequity of outcome has come about by exploring traditional topics of concern to organizational behaviourists, but with a different focus. Women's perspectives and ideas have often been absent, buried, or set to one side and marginalized. When women and issues of concern to women are studied, the research questions are too often framed through the eyes of men. Both men and women need to understand how the organizations work and how fundamental distinctions between men and women affect people's behaviour and their relations with one another in organizations.