ABSTRACT

The propositions expressed by statements are STATES OF AFFAIRS. In what follows we sometimes use 'STOA' or 'STATE' as an abbreviated way of writing 'STATE OF AFFAIRS'. A STOA mayor may not be a FACT. A STOA or proposition is true (obtains, is a FACn if it corresponds to a fact and false if it does not. Calling a statement true (or false) is just a convenient way of saying that the proposition it expresses is true (or false).