ABSTRACT
Frequently, research data are nominal (i.e., naming data, such as participants naming the political candidates for whom they plan to vote).1 Because such data do not consist of scores, they do not directly permit the computation of means and standard deviations. Instead of reporting means and standard deviations for such data, researchers typically report the number of participants who named each category (e.g., named each political candidate) and the corresponding percentages. Example 1 below illustrates such a report.
