ABSTRACT
When using the deductive approach, the researcher selects or constructs a theoretical framework, derives a hypothesis from the theory, decides how to turn the concepts into measurable variables, collects the data and tests the hypothesis. In practice, however, the scientific method is a dynamic process in which the researcher moves back and forth among the research activities, as needed. A well-prepared, deductive research report also describes how the theory assists in the interpretation of the study findings, and whether the findings support or refute the theory. Drawing from social structure and personality frameworks, Kohn and his colleagues have been partially influential in developing theory linking social class, especially occupational conditions, with psychological functioning. Additional evidence suggests that family socioeconomic environment affects children’s outcomes. Low-wage jobs constrain parents’ ability to provide an adequate material base and to make adequate arrangements for supplemental child care.
