ABSTRACT
During the past two decades, a large body of literature has been amassed providing empirical support for these propositions. Measured by the Nursing Work
45 disability among hospital-based staff nurses (Aiken, Clarke, & Sloane, 2002; Aiken & Sloane, 1997; Clarke, Sloane, & Aiken, 2002; Laschinger, Almost, & Ther-Hodes, 2003; O'Brien-Pallas et al., 2004; Tigert & Laschinger, 2004). The presence of these supportive
50 work environment attributes has also been associated with a higher level of quality inpatient care, fewer adverse events, lower mortality, and higher levels of satisfaction with care among hospitalized patients (Aiken, Sloane, & Lake, 1997; Aiken, Sloane, Lake, Sochalski,
55 & Weber, 1999; Aiken, Smith, & Lake, 1994; Boyle, 2004; Estabrooks, Midodzi, Cummings, Ricker, & Giovannetti, 2005; Flynn & Aiken, 2002; Vahey, Aiken, Sloane, Clarke, & Vargas, 2004).
