ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the process of nativization, and illustrates it mainly on the basis of English loans in Hawaiian and one Indonesian loanword in Konjo. These languages have very different phonologies, the phonology of English being much more complex than that of Hawaiian, in particular. After showing how the pronunciation of foreign words is shaped by the phonological structure of the native language, it is pointed out that the phonological representation of native morphemes, too, may need to be adjusted. The chapter shows that the phonologies of languages actively impose phonological adjustments on input forms. It describes there are two ways in which phonological adjustments. First, the chapter describes with the help of a series of rules, which successively change the representation so as to make it conform to the requirements of the language. Second, it describes by means of output constraints that state what forms must look like.
