ABSTRACT
This chapter comprises the postponed archaeological literature review and presents the interconnection of two parallel fields of garum research, one based on written sources and one on the archaeology. Understanding the words used to describe the fish sauces are important in understanding the processes that these sources represent. The various ways in which each specialist negotiates the various anomalies in the nomenclature debate are analyzed. The distinction between garum and liquamen in ancient texts and archaeology is often not appreciated and in terms of the fish bone residues and amphorae associated with fish sauce consumption this is highlighted as the main barrier to a greater understanding of ancient fish sauce. The chapter also discusses the proliferation of articles reporting on residue analysis to identify invisible biomolecular markers in the fabric of amphorae and in the walls of the processing tanks (cetariae). The various manifestation of allec, the supposed residue of fish sauce production, found in archaeology, are also outlined.
